[OC] East African Rift: 10× increase in M≥4.5 earthquakes in 2025 (USGS data, 1980–2025) Statistics

What This Visualization Shows

This data visualization displays "[OC] East African Rift: 10× increase in M≥4.5 earthquakes in 2025 (USGS data, 1980–2025)" and provides a clear visual representation of the underlying data patterns and trends. The visualization focuses on The East African Rift is a continental rift system where the African Plate is gradually splitting apart. This visualization shows the annual number of earthquakes with magnitude ≥4.5 in the East African Rift region from 1980 to 2025.

While the long-term annual average typically remains below 15 events per year, 2025 recorded more than 100 earthquakes ≥M4.5 within the analyzed zone, roughly a tenfold increase compared to background levels.

Most of the 2025 seismicity was concentrated in Ethiopia during the first part of the year, although activity continues across the rift system.

The map shows the analyzed region extending along the rift corridor from the Afar region southward through Kenya and Tanzania.

**Context:** The Afar region experienced a well-documented rifting episode in 2005, when a \~60 km long dike intrusion formed within days, associated with the only known historical eruption of Dabbahu (2005).

Nabro volcano (Eritrea) erupted in 2011 after \~10,000 years of dormancy, representing its first recorded eruption in historical time.

Hayli Gubbi (Ethiopia) also erupted in 2025 following an estimated \~12,000 years without documented eruptive activity in the Holocene record.

This post focuses specifically on the change in earthquake frequency based on catalog data.

**Data source:** USGS Earthquake Catalog **Magnitude threshold:** M ≥ 4.5 **Time range:** 1980–2025 **Region:** East African Rift (coordinates shown on map) **Visualization:** Python (custom analysis) **OC**, which allows us to understand complex relationships and insights within the data through visual storytelling.

Deep Dive into the Topic

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